The ecosystems which exist in the country go from sea level to an altitude of around 6400 metres. Its total area is 14,583,227 hectares, including the highlands, the coast and the Amazon region. There are 46 ecosystems which are made up of paramo, woods, valleys and the Pacific Ocean, located in different climate zones. One of the ecosystems which is richest in biodiversity is the
tropical rain forest, which large
trees of different and numerous species and an abundance of
plants,
flowers,
mammals,
reptiles,
birds,
invertebrates,
fish and
amphibians.
